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О связности речи при сдаче IELTS

2011-11-04T23:28:00.000+01:00

Развернутые ответы лучше связаны так как они помогают слушателю или читателю лучше понять, что вы имеете ввиду. Например, иллюстрация примером помогает слушателю понять вашу мысль. Чем «понятнее» или « яснее» ваш ответ, тем лучше он «связан».

Другим аспектом связанной речи является логическое размещение мыслей. Мысли размещаются в логическом порядке. Например, объясняя что-то, состоящее из нескольких ступеней, вы сначала говорите о первой ступени, а затем переходите к следующей. В таком случае соединяющими словами вначале каждого предложения будут: First’, ‘Second’, ‘Next’, ‘Then’, и ‘Finally’

Свобода и связность речи

2011-10-25T21:45:00.001+02:00

Добрый день, я продолжаю рассказывать о критериях оценки устного теста IELTS. Сегодня я расскажу вам о критерии "Свобода и связность речи".

Свобода речи и связность речи разные вещи, но объединены вместе так, как ни свобода отдельно ни связности речи отдельно не считаются настолько важными как произношение, грамматика или словарный запас. Свобода и связность речи определяют «поток речи на иностранном языке». Свобода речи определяет физическое состояние, а связность определяет логическое – связанное изложение мыслей.

Требования к грамматике при оценке устного IELTS

2011-10-08T17:49:00.000+02:00

Большинство кандидатов – это кандидаты с 4 или 5 балльным знанием грамматики. Сложно получить оценку 6 баллов за разговорный тест( и письменный) или общую оценку в 6.5 баллов и выше за весь тест IELTS ,если вы не владеете грамматикой. Вам необходимо знать не только времена глагола и различные сложные грамматические структуры, но и знать и понимать правильность их употребления в различных грамматических структурах. Знания должны быть достаточными, чтобы вы могли воспроизвести все эти структуры быстро в естественной устной речи.

Уверенные знания грамматики являются основным условием для получения высокого балла. Большой словарный запас не поможет, если вы не в состоянии правильно связать слова в предложении.

Виктор Хигер продолжает рассказывать о критериях оценки результата на разговорном АЙЛТС

2011-10-07T17:45:00.000+02:00

На этой лекции я продолжу рассказывать вам о критериях оценки вашего результата на разговорном АЙЛТС. Как я уже говорил на прошлой лекции, ваши знания оцениваются по 4м критериям:

1. Произношение

2. Грамматика

3. Словарный запас

4. Свобода и связность речи

Виктор Хигер о критериях оценки разговорного теста IELTS

2011-09-11T21:08:00.000+02:00

Виктор Хигер о критериях оценки разговорного теста IELTS сообщает, что:

Экзаменатор оценивает знания кандидата по 5пяти критериям

- Разговорный тест оценивается как целыми балами так и половинками. Например, 6.5

- За каждую часть теста выставляется отдельная оценка.

- Если вычисленный балл не является целой цифрой и не 0.5, то экзаменатор округляет бал к ближайшей меньшей целой цифре или к половине...

перейти на сайт Виктора Хигера

Что такое IELTS - вводная лекция

2011-09-05T17:34:00.000+02:00

Виктор Хигер многоопытный преподаватель английского языка записал цикл лекций о сдаче теста IELTS. Сегодня вашему вниманию предлагается вводная лекция о том, что такое IELTS

Содержание

2010-12-05T13:14:00.001+01:00

Обзор разговорного теста

О тесте по чтению и пониманию

Как отвечать на вопросы Да/Нет

Критерии оценки разговорного теста IELTS

Как улучшить связность речи

Как писать эссе IELTS

Темы сочинений "Предложения по решению проблемы" (2)

2010-12-04T22:57:00.001+01:00

Rainforests are a valuable resource and as such we should phase out indiscriminate logging. Discuss.

Forests are the lungs of the earth. Their destruction will accelerate extinction of animals and ultimately mankind. For this reason, logging in the world's rainforests should be phased out over the next decade. Discuss.

Tourism is seen as a major industry for many countries. However it tends to have a deleterious effect on the environment and should be strictly monitored. Discuss.

Society is experiencing an increase in many problems such as crime and drug abuse due to urbanization. Give some suggestions to control this trend.

Discuss the possible causes for the worldwide increase in crime and violence. What has been the effect of these adverse trends on society?

A university plans to develop a new research center in your country. Some people want a center for business research. Other people want a center for research in agriculture (farming). Which of these two kinds of research centers do you recommend for your country? Use specific reasons in your recommendation.

A foreign visitor has only one day to spend in your country. Where should this visitor go on that day? Why? Use specific reasons and details to support your choice.

Businesses should hire employees for their entire lives. Do you agree or disagree? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.

Many parts of the world are losing important natural resources, such as forests, animals, or clean water. Choose one resource that is disappearing and explain why it needs to be saved. Use specific reasons and examples to support your opinion.

When students move to a new school, they sometimes face problems. How can schools help these students with their problems? Use specific reasons and examples to explain your answer.

What is a very important skill a person should learn in order to be successful in the world today? Choose one skill and use specific reasons and examples to support your choice.

Your city has decided to build a statue or monument to honor a famous person in your country. Who would you choose? Use reasons and specific examples to support your choice.

A company is going to give some money either to support the arts or to protect the environment. Which do you think the company should choose? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.

It has recently been announced that a new movie theater may be built in your neighborhood. Do you support or oppose this plan? Why? Use specific reasons and details to support your answer.

Choose one of the following transportation vehicles and explain why you think it has changed people’s lives. Automobiles, bicycles, airplanes. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.

You have the opportunity to visit a foreign country for two weeks. Which country would you like to visit? Use specific reasons and details to explain your choice.

A person you know is planning to move to your town or city. What do you think this person would like and dislike about living in your town or city? Why? Use specific reasons and details to develop your essay.

People work because they need money to live. What are some other reasons that people work? Discuss one or more of these reasons. Use specific examples and details to support your answer.

People remember special gifts or presents that they have received. Why? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.

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Темы сочинений "Предложения по решению проблемы"

2010-12-04T22:52:00.001+01:00

What should a government do for a country to become successful?

The rising levels of congestion and air pollution found in most of the world cities can be attributed directly to the rapidly increasing number of private cars in use.

In order to reverse this decline in the quality of life in cities, attempts must be made to encourage people to use their cars less and public transport more. Discuss possible ways to encourage the use of public transport.

Do the benefits of study abroad justify the difficulties? What advice would you offer to a prospective student?

Write a report to your sponsoring agency describing the English-language skills overseas students require. Make any recommendations you feel are necessary.

What kind of listening challenges do overseas students face in tertiary education? What recommendations would you offer?

Write a report to your sponsoring agency describing the accommodation problems faced by foreign students in Britain. Make any necessary recommendations.

Many lives are in danger when hastily erected buildings collapse because safety standards have been sacrificed to hopes of a quick profit. To prevent disasters of this kind, governments should play a greater role in setting and enforcing safety standards for building construction.

In Britain, when someone gets old, they often go to live in a home with other old people where there are nurses to look after them. Sometimes the government has to pay for this care. Who should be responsible for our old people? Give reasons.

The best way to reduce the number of traffic accidents is to make all young drivers complete a safe driving education course before being licensed to drive.

Useful tips for a foreigner coming to Russia. How to become successful in everyday communication in Russia. Give recommendations for a tourist.

Tourism is becoming increasingly important as a source of revenue to many countries but its disadvantages should not be overlooked.

As a result of countries becoming more and more industrialized, pollution has become a serious problem. Discuss some ways to solve this problem. Discuss.

Overpopulation if unchecked will bring about the destruction of this planet. Discuss ways of controlling this problem.

Although there is no longer an immediate threat of nuclear war, peace seems as elusive as ever. In order to address this problem, the United Nations should be given a stronger role in global affairs in order to bring about world peace.

Good health is a basic human right, however in a growing number of countries today, access to health care depends on socio-economic status. This is discriminatory and should not be the basis for access to good health care. Discuss.

Women have been disadvantaged in the workplace for decades and so they should now receive special assistance in the form of education and incentives, etc. Discuss.

Pollution is a very serious problem today. What level of pollution should we tolerate? Discuss examples of the different types of pollution.

What are the effects of global warming? Suggest some recommendations to minimize these effects.

Passive smoking kills. The most vulnerable section of the population are both the unborn and the very young children as their lungs are still developing. For this reason, smoking in public places should be prohibited. Discuss.

The level of serious crime is escalating alarmingly. Give some suggestions to control this trend.

How can we address the problem of the increasing illiteracy trend in many highly developed countries such as the United States and the United Kingdom?

How can the ever-increasing gap between rich and poor be narrowed?

In countries like Japan stress is becoming a major problem. Suggest some ways to control this trend.

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Темы сочинений "Выражение мнения" (3)

2010-12-04T22:42:00.001+01:00

88.Salaries paid to employees are an accurate reflection of their value to society. Discuss. In approaching this task, consider in particular salaries paid to nurses, doctors, sports-persons, movie stars, teachers and farmers.

89.Spending money on scientific research should only be approved when there are economic benefits resulting from the research. Discuss.

90.Since reading is important for a good education we should encourage our children to read extensively. However as there is an abundance of undesirable reading matter, there should be heavy censorship to restrict access to it. Discuss.

91.Most psychologists today believe that a strong sense of parental discipline is necessary to bring up socially well adjusted and self-confident children. Discuss.

92.Although many benefits may result from space exploration, the costs involved are enormous. There is some debate as to whether this money could be more wisely spent to provide for the basic needs of mankind such as food, clean water, contraception etc. For this reason space exploration should be restricted. Discuss.

93.Single sex education is better than co-educational schooling. Discuss.

94.Although education in many developing countries is not compulsory, an effort should be made to ensure that all children between the age of 5 and 15 years attend some form of schooling. Discuss.

95.Learning would be improved through the extensive use of computers in the classroom. This is would reduce the number of teachers required which would be an advantage. Discuss.

96.Some people think governments should spend as much money as possible exploring outer space (for example, traveling to the Moon and to other planets). Other people disagree and think governments should spend this money for our basic needs on Earth. Which of these two opinions do you agree with? Use specific reasons and details to support your answer.

97.Some people prefer to work for themselves or own a business. Others prefer to work for an employer. Would you rather be self-employed, work for someone else, or own a business? Use specific reasons to explain your choice.

98.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Parents are the best teachers. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.

99.When people move to another country, some of them decide to follow the customs of the new country. Others prefer to keep their own customs. Compare these two choices. Which one do you prefer? Support your answer with specific details.

100.In general, people are living longer now. Discuss the causes of this phenomenon.

Use specific reasons and details to develop your essay.

101.Some people think that they can learn better by themselves than with a teacher. Others think that it is always better to have a teacher. Which do you prefer? Use specific reasons to develop your essay.

102.People learn in different ways. Some people learn by doing things; other people learn by reading about things; others learn by listening to people talk about things. Which of these methods of learning is best for you? Use specific examples to support your choice.

103.Some people prefer to eat at food stands or restaurants. Other people prefer to prepare and eat food at home. Which do you prefer? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.

104.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Playing a game is fun only when you win. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.

105.Should a city try to preserve its old, historic buildings or destroy them and replace them with modern buildings? Use specific reasons and examples to support your opinion.

106.Do you agree or disagree that progress is always good?

107.Many students have to live with roommates while going to school or university. What are some of the important qualities of a good roommate? Use specific reasons and examples to explain why these qualities are important.

108.If you could ask a famous person one question, what would you ask? Why? Use specific reasons and details to support your answer.

109.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Reading fiction (such as novels and short stories) is more enjoyable than watching movies. Use specific reasons and examples to explain your position.

110.Many people have a close relationship with their pets. These people treat their birds, cats, or other animals as members of their family. In your opinion, are such relationships good? Why or why not? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.

111.Some high schools require all students to wear school uniforms. Other high schools permit students to decide what to wear to school. Which of these two school policies do you think is better? Use specific reasons and examples to support your opinion.

112.In some countries, teenagers have jobs while they are still students. Do you think this is a good idea? Support your opinion by using specific reasons and details.

113.Some people believe that university students should be required to attend classes. Others believe that going to classes should be optional for students. Which point of view do you agree with? Use specific reasons and details to explain your answer.

114.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Only people who earn a lot of money are successful. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.

115.Some people believe that success in life comes from taking risks or chances. Others believe that success results from careful planning. In your opinion, what does success come from? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.

116.Schools should ask students to evaluate their teachers. Do you agree or disagree? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.

117.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Teachers should be paid according to how much their students learn. Give specific reasons and examples to support your opinion.

118.What discovery in the last 100 years has been most beneficial for people in your country? Use specific reasons and examples to support your choice.

119.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? People should sometimes do things that they do not enjoy doing. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.

120.Some people like to travel with a companion. Other people prefer to travel alone. Which do you prefer? Use specific reasons and examples to support your choice.

121.Some people like to do only what they already do well. Other people prefer to try new things and take risks. Which do you prefer? Use specific reasons and examples to support your choice.

122.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Television has destroyed communication among friends and family. Use specific reasons and examples to support your opinion.

123.Some people prefer to spend time with one or two close friends. Others choose to spend time with a large number of friends. Compare the advantages of each choice. Which of these two ways of spending time do you prefer? Use specific reasons to support your answer.

124. People attend college or university for many different reasons (for example, new experiences, career preparation, increased knowledge). Why do you think people attend college or university? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.

125. Some people spend their entire lives in one place. Others move a number of times throughout their lives, looking for a better job, house, community, or even climate. Which do you prefer: staying in one place or moving in search of another place? Use reasons and specific examples to support your opinion.

126. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? There is nothing that young people can teach older people. Use specific reasons and examples to support your position.

к началу

Темы сочинений "Выражение мнения" (2)

2010-12-04T22:39:00.001+01:00

37.Reading comics only rot the children’s mind than to provide any good education. How far you agree/ disagree with this?

38.Is it wise for an industry to replace its experienced but old workers with new and young experience less individuals? Give your views in not less than 250 words.

39.Most high level jobs are done by men. Should the government encourage a certain percentage of these jobs to be reserved for women

40. Are famous people treated unfairly by the media ? Should they be given more privacy, or is the price of their fame an invasion into their private lives?

41. Should developing countries concentrate on Improving industrial skills or should they promote education first?

42. Safety standards are important when building people's homes. Who should be responsible for enforcing strict building codes - the government or the people who build the homes?

43. In your opinion what factors contribute to a good movie?

44.Does travel help to promote understanding and communication between countries?

45.If children behave badly ,should their parents accept responsibility and also be punished?

46.Should sports classes be sacrificed in High School so students can concentrate on Academic subjects?

47.Nowadays doctors can become very rich. Maybe they should not focus on profitable activities such as plastic surgery or looking after rich patients and concentrate more on patients health, no matter how rich they are?

48.Will modern technology, such as the internet ever replace the book or the written word as the main source of information?

49.Should criminals be punished with lengthy jail terms or re-educated and rehabituated, using community service programs for instance, before being reintroduced to society?

50.Computers can translate all kinds of languages well so our children don't need to learn more languages in the future?　

51.We are becoming increasingly dependent on computers. They are used in businesses, hospitals, crime detection and even to fly planes. What things will they be used for in future? Is this dependence on computers a good thing or should we be more suspicious of their benefits?

52. In what ways has information technology changed work and working practices in the past 10 years?

53.'Telecommuting' refers to workers doing their jobs from home for part of each week and communicating with their office using computer technology. Telecommuting is growing in many countries and is expected to be common for most office workers in the coming decades. How do you think society will be affected by the growth of telecommuting?

54.Technology is making communication easier in today's world, but at the expense of personal contact as many people choose to work at home in front of a computer screen. What dangers are there for a society which depends on computer screens rather than face-to-face contact for its main means of communication?

55.Some businesses now say that no one can smoke cigarettes in any of their offices. Some governments have banned smoking in all public places. This is a good idea but it also takes away some of our freedom. Do you agree or disagree? Give reasons.

56.Should the same laws which prohibit the sale and consumption of heroin be applied to tobacco?

57.To what extent is the use of animals in scientific research acceptable?

58.Forests are the lungs of the earth. Destruction of the world's forests amounts to death of the world we currently know. To what extent do you agree or disagree?

59.Are our zoos cruel to wild animals? Discuss.

60.To what extent should economic planning be influenced by the need of environmental conservation?

61.Damage of the environment is an inevitable consequence of worldwide improvements in the standard of living. Discuss.

62.Education is the single most important factor in the development of a country. Do you agree?

63.What are factors which are related to academic success in high-school students?

64.The idea of going overseas for university study is an exciting prospect for many people. But while it may offer some advantages, it is probably better to stay home because of the difficulties a student inevitably encounters living and studying in a different culture. To what extent do you agree or disagree this statement? Give reasons for your answer.

65.Education is recognized as vital to the future of any society in today's world. Governments throughout the world should make education compulsory for all children between the ages of 5 and 15. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this statement?

66.Foreign language instruction should begin in kindergarten. Discuss.

67.Children should never be educated at home by their parents. Do you agree or disagree?

68.Children learn best by observing behavior of adults and copying it. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this statement?

69.To what extent should universities function as training grounds for employment?

70.To what extent should university courses be geared to the economic needs of society?

71.How do wage increases contribute to inflation?

72.Should wealthy nations be required to share their wealth among poorer nations by providing such things as food and education? Or is it a responsibility of the governments of poorer nations to look after their citizens themselves?

73.To what extent will migration from the developing world to the developed world become a social and political issue in the 21st century?

74.The dominance of black people in US sport is due to sociological rather than physiological factors. Discuss.

75.In some countries the average worker is obliged to retire at the age of 50, while in others people can work until they are 65 or 70. Meanwhile, we see some politicians enjoying power well into their eighties. Clearly, there is little agreement on an appropriate retirement age. Until what age do you think people should be encouraged to remain in paid employment? Give reasons for your answer.

76.In your opinion should government intervene in the rights of the individual with regard to family planning?

77.To what extent has the traditional male role changed in the last 20 years?

78.Many people believe that women make better parents than men and that this is why they have the greater role in raising children in most societies. Others claim that men are just as good as women at parenting Write an essay expressing your point of view. Give reasons for your answer.

79.The first car appeared on British roads in 1888. By the year 2000 there may be as many as 29 million vehicles on British roads. Alternative forms of transport should be encouraged and international laws introduced to control car ownership and use. What do you think?

80.The threat of nuclear weapons maintains world peace. Nuclear power provides cheap and clean energy. The benefits of nuclear technology far overweigh the disadvantages. Do you agree or disagree? Give reasons for your answer.

81.News editors decide what to broadcast on TV and what to print in newspapers. What factors do you think influence their decisions? Do we become used to bad news? Would it be better if more good news was reported?

82.TV: could you be without it? Discuss.

83.The mass media, including TV, radio and newspapers, have great influence in shaping people's ideas. To what extent do you agree or disagree this statement? Give reasons for your answer.

84.In many countries where capital punishment has been abolished there has been a corresponding rise in violent crime rates. For this reason, many governments are considering its reintroduction as a form of deterrent. Should Capital Punishment be re-introduced? Discuss.

85.Outdoor recreation such as mountain climbing, camping and hiking bring us closer to nature and are ideal activities to encourage family bonding. Discuss.

86.The younger generation is up-to-date with new techniques and advances in Science. They are often better able to make important decisions than their parents are. Discuss.

87.Over the past twenty to thirty years there has been a noticeable trend away from many forms of discipline within the family. A recent survey highlighted the fact that most people feel that parents are too permissive with their children. Discuss.

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Темы сочинений "Выражение мнения"

2010-12-04T22:35:00.001+01:00

1.Some people believe that only pupils of similar interests should be given admissions in schools .Others are of the opinions that schools should be open to all children with varied interests. How far you agree or disagree with the above views. Give your opinion in not less than 250 words.

2.Some authors believe that urbanization is a ‘Modern Disease’. In not less than 250 words explain if you agree with this view and give your own opinion

3.Capital punishment is a brutal decision and should be abolished. Give your views in not less than 250 words if you agree or disagree with it.

4.Most criminals are set free once they finish their jail terms. Is the re introduction of criminals in societies is justified? Place your views in no less than 250 words.

5.Working and living abroad helps us to know other cultures well. How far you think working abroad has good or bad impacts on our cultural lives?

6.If you were given to change, what all changes you would implement in this 21st century to make our world a better living place? Discuss few changes in not less than 250 words.

7.Computers can easily do all the basic and advanced calculations. Do you think your children should spend more time learning basic mathematics or advanced computer technology. Give your views in not less than 250 words.

8. Should poor countries continue to receive International Aids? Give your views in not less than 250 words.

9. Some parents grow their children in strict discipline while others leave them free to learn lessons of lives on their own. Which is one of these is a better approach and why? Give your own opnion in not less than 250 words.

10. The modern technology is all making things easily available. Internet has provided us the easy dowloadable versions of most books we need. Can internet world replace the world of books and words ? Give your own views in not less than 250 words.

11.As most postgraduate research is funded by industry then students grants should also come from the same source. How far you agree with this. Give your views in not less than 250 words.

12.Modern technology is transforming the way we work and is of benefit to our society. How far you think our social lives influenced by modern technology.

13.In order keep the students more focused, the sports classes should be stopped in High schools. You think this will be a right approach for a better generation?

14. Children are the impressions of their parent’s behaviour. If a child behaves badly his parents should be considered responsible and should be punished. How far you agree with this.

15.What do you think the government in your country should do to make your country more successful.

16.Smoking is a bad habit and should be abandoned completely world wide. Give your views in not less than 250 words.

17.Time is an important factor in every field. Do you think following strict time limits is more important than giving quality results. Give your views in not less than 250 words.

18.Life was simpler without so much of technology. Give your views in not less than 250 words.

19.Are famous people treated unfairly by the media ? Should they be given more privacy, or is the price of their fame an invasion into their private lives?

20.Should developing countries pay more attention towards education or improving business standards?

21.There is an age after which one’s efficiency decreases. Should young people in the working fields replace all the old people?

22. Animals also have emotions and feel equal pain as humans. We should stop all pharmaceutical companies from doing trials on innocent animals. Give your opinion in not less than 250 words.

23.Sex education in schools are only introducing conflicting ideas and confusion among the immature minds and should be immediately stopped. Give your opinion in not less than 250 words.

24. Women are always better parents than men. How far ypu agree with this? Give your opinion in not less than 250 words.

25.Deciding the size of one’s own family is a personal preference In your opinion should government intervene in the rights of the individual with regard to family planning?

26.In some countries the average worker is obliged to retire at the age of 50, while in others people can work until they are 65 or 70. Until what age do you think people should be encouraged to remain in paid employment? Give reasons for your answer.

27.'Telecommuting' refers to workers doing their jobs from home for part of each week and communicating with their office using computer technology. Telecommuting is growing in many countries and is expected to be common for most office workers in the coming decades. How do you think society will be affected by the growth of telecommuting?

28.When so many people are starving to death in different parts of the world, is it justifiable for any government to spend huge amounts of money over the Space Exploration Projects?

29.Internet has made information so handy, but at the same time, its spoiling our children with all the adult content. Should children be kept away from internet ?

30.To what extent will migration from the developing world to the developed world become a social and political issue in the 21st century?

31.Technology is making communication easier in today's world, but at the expense of personal contact as many people choose to work at home in front of a computer screen. What dangers are there for a society which depends on computer screens rather than face-to-face contact for its main means of communication?

32.Zoos are sometimes seen as necessary but not poor alternatives to a natural environment. Discuss some of the arguments for and/or against keeping animals in zoos.

33.The only way to prevent overcrowding in cities is to prevent migration from rural areas. Give your opinion and views.

34.Money is the single motivational factor for success in any work field. How far you agree with this?

35.The only effective way to deal with unemployment is to introduce rapid urbanization. How far you agree?

36.When most of the population in developing countries do not have food to eat and place to live, it is immaterial to talk about saving forests as a gesture to protect our environment. The aim should be to utilize maximum land for food production and making homes for the homeless. Give your opinion in not less than 250 words.

продолжение

Темы эссе "За и Против" (2)

2010-12-04T22:20:00.002+01:00

Since World War II there has been an increase in cooperation between many Eastern and Western countries. This has led to a desire amongst students to undertake study in foreign countries. Write a brief account of the advantages and disadvantages of studying abroad.

Since private enterprise benefits from a country's resources (both natural and human) it should be made accountable for maintenance of environmental and social infrastructures.

Smoking has long been known to cause health problems for smokers, however the effect of passive smoking is becoming an important health issue. Discuss the dangers of smoking to smokers and non-smokers.

What are the pros and cons of co-educational schooling.

Compare the benefits of a vegetarian diet over a conventional Western diet.

Aquariums and wildlife sanctuaries are seen as sources of education and entertainment for families. They are also essential to conduct life-saving research. However there is opposition to confining animals in this way. Discuss some of the arguments for and against the maintenance of zoos.

Tourism is becoming a good source of revenue to many countries. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of exploiting this resource.

Technology is making it possible to stay at home and work. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of this.

Do you agree with the following statement? People are never satisfied with what they have, they always want something more or something different. Use specific reasons to support your answer.

Some people prefer to plan activities for their free time very carefully. Others choose not to make any plans at all for their free time. Compare the benefits of planning free-time activities with the benefits of not making plans. Which do you prefer - planning or not planning for your leisure time? Use specific reasons and examples to explain your choice.

Some people think that human needs for farmland, housing, and industry are more important than saving land for endangered animals. Do you agree or disagree with this point of view? Why or why not? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Boys and girls should attend separate schools. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.

In some countries, people are no longer allowed to smoke in many public places and office buildings. Do you think this is a good rule or a bad rule? Use specific reasons and details to support your position.

Students at universities often have a choice of places to live. They may choose to live in university dormitories, or they may choose to live in apartments in the community. Compare the advantages of living in university housing with the advantages of living in an apartment in the community. Where would you prefer to live? Give reasons for your preference.

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? All students should be required to study art and music in secondary school. Use specific reasons to support your answer.

Is the ability to read and write more important today than in the past? Why or why not? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? The best way to travel is in a group led by a tour guide. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.

Some universities require students to take classes in many subjects. Other universities require students to specialize in one subject. Which is better? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? With the help of technology, students nowadays can learn more information and learn it more quickly. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? A zoo has no useful purpose. Use specific reasons and examples to explain your answer.

к началу

Темы эссе "За и Против"

2010-12-04T22:17:00.003+01:00

Discuss the advantage and disadvantage of giving international Aid to poor countries.

Many are of the opinion that the Internet is inundating our children with dangerous information. There is however no doubt that the Internet represents great advances in communication and the dissemination of information. Discuss the pros and cons of the Internet.

'Going on strike' is commonly used as a catalyst to resolve industrial disputes. Many conservative governments are strongly opposed to this mechanism for bringing about change. Discuss the pros and cons of this action in resolving disputes.

What are the pros and cons of co-educational schooling.

Single sex education is better than co-educational schooling. Discuss.

Compare the benefits of a vegetarian diet over a conventional Western diet.

The threat of nuclear weapons maintains world peace. Nuclear power provides cheap and clean energy. The benefits of nuclear technology far overweigh the disadvantages. Do you agree or disagree? Give reasons for your answer.

The idea of going overseas for university study is an exciting prospect for many people. But while it may offer some advantages, it is probably better to stay home because of the difficulties a student inevitably encounters living and studying in a different culture. To what extent do you agree or disagree this statement? Give reasons for your answer.

Zoos are sometimes seen as necessary but not poor alternatives to a natural environment. Discuss some of the arguments for and/or against keeping animals in zoos.

Does modern technology make life more convenient, or was life better when technology was simpler?

Discuss the advantage and disadvantage of giving international Aid to poor countries.

Human beings do not need to eat meat in order to maintain good health because they can get all their food needs from meatless products and meatless substances. A vegetarian diet is as healthy as a diet containing meat. Argue for or against the opinion above.

Zoos are sometimes seen as necessary but not poor alternatives to a natural environment. Discuss some of the arguments for and/or against keeping animals in zoos.

What do you think might be advantages and disadvantages of life as a rock star?

Television is a very powerful medium of influence over large populations. There are many positive aspects to television. For example, it is an educational tool.

However many people feel that it is doing irreparable harm. Present argumentation to highlight your opinion on this matter.

продолжение

Как писать эссе IELTS (5)

2010-12-04T21:18:00.002+01:00

Полезные выражения для проблем и решений.

Steps

Measures

should

must

could

be taken

so as to

in order to

solve/overcome/combat …

deal with/eradicate …

Serious attempts to halt/prevent/solve … must be made.

One (possible)

Another

An alternative

way to

solve/overcome

combat/deal with

eradicate

this problem

the problem (of)…

would be/

is …

People

Governments

should focus their/ our attention

on ways

to solve/overcome the problem of …

to improve the situation of …

to reduce the impact of … on society …

If steps/measures were taken to …

If … happened/were to happen,

If attempts were made to address the problem

the effect/result/consequence

would be

By (+ing) …, we/ government/etc, can ensure that / prevent …

The … situation could be improved if …/It would be a good idea if …

The

effect/consequence

outcome/result

of (+noun/-ing)

would

might

be …

темы сочинений "Предложения по решению проблемы"

Пример сочинения (Предложение по решению проблемы)

“What could be done to improve the lives of the elderly?”

For many elderly people the latter part of their life is not a time to relax and enjoy retirement, but rather a difficult and unhappy period, owing to financial worries, failing health and loneliness. As life expectancy increases, the average person lives well beyond the age of retirement. As a result, the elderly make up an ever-increasing percentage of society, which makes it more important than ever for a real effort to be made in improving the lives of senior citizens.

One way to deal with the situation would be to ensure that the elderly have enough money on which to live. Obviously, when a person stops working, they still require a source of income to cover their basic needs such as food, accommodation and heating. A clear solution to the problem is for the government to make sure that the state pension is adequate for these needs. Furthermore, free financial advice should be made available to retired people so that the stress of worrying about money could be reduced as far as possible.

Steps should also be taken to overcome problems the elderly face as a result of deteriorating health due to old age, and inadequate health-care provisions. Again, the responsibility should fall to the government to provide access to the best health care available, which may necessitate paying for residential homes where the elderly can have round-the-clock nursing, or, at the very least, providing medication free of charge to all people over a certain age. As a result, old people would enjoy not only better health, but also peace of mind from the knowledge that they need not fear falling ill and being unable to pay for treatment.

The lives of old people could also be improved if attempts were made to address the problem of social isolation which so many of them face. If we organised trips for the elderly to community centers, visits from social workers or free bus passes to allow pensioners greater mobility, the effect would be alleviate the problem of loneliness which marks the lives of so many old people living alone far from their families.

One final suggestion, which would help enormously, is to change the attitude of the community towards its older members, who are all too often seen as a burden on society and dismissed as having little to do with modern life. We need to be taught from an early age to respect the views of old people, and appreciate their broader experience of life. This would help society as a whole, and encourage appreciation of the role that old people can still play today.

To sum up, there are several measures which could be taken to improve the lives of old people. If the government and individuals alike were to help, it would make retirement and old age a time to look forward to, rather than dread.

к началу

Как писать эссе IELTS (4)

2010-12-04T21:15:00.001+01:00

Сочинение : Способы решения проблем.

Сочинение, где обсуждаются способы и пути решения проблем, являются формальным типом письма. Вы должны ясно обозначить проблему и ее причины, а затем дать ваши предложения по ее решению и возможные последствия от этих решений.

Сочинение такого типа должно состоять из:

а). Вступительного параграфа, в котором вы указываете проблему, что ее вызвало и какие последствия проблемы.

б). Основная часть, в которой вы предлагаете несколько решений проблемы, каждое в отдельном параграфе, с указанием последствий или результатов.

в). Заключение, в нем вы делаете выводы.

Следует учитывать

• Каждый параграф начинается с предложения, указывающего на тему параграфа.

• Предложения в параграфе, а также параграфы должны соединяться соответствующими соединительными словами или выражениями.

Структура

Вступление

Параграф 1.

Указать проблему и ее причины или последствия.

Основная часть.

Параграф 2.

Предложение 1 и результаты.

Параграф 3

Предложение 2 и результаты

Параграф 4

Предложение 3 и результаты

Параграф 5

Предложение 4 и результаты (можете привести больше предложений соответственно увеличив количество параграфов)

Заключение

Последний параграф

Выводы по предложениям.

Полезная лексика

• Выражение причины:

Since / because, in view of / because of / owing to / due to (the fact that) …, The reason that …/why …/for … is that…

• Выражение следствия:

Thus / therefore / so /consequently, as a result / consequence, the result of … would be …, …would result in …

• Выражение намерений :

So that …, so as/in order (not) to …, with the purpose of / intention of (+ ing)

• Выражение возможности:

It can / could / may / might …,

It is possible / probable/(un)likely / foreseeable / certain that …, …is (un)likely to / bound to / certain to / possible / probable …,

The likelihood / possibility / probability of (-ing/noun) is …

продолжение

Как писать эссе IELTS (3)

2010-12-04T21:05:00.003+01:00

Сочинение – Выражение мнения

Сочинение по выражению мнения обычно состоит из:

1). Вступительного параграфа, в котором вы ясно обозначаете тему обсуждения и свое мнение по ней.

2). Основной части, которая состоит из нескольких параграфов, в каждом описывается отдельная точка зрения подкрепленная причинами. Кроме того, вы должны включить параграф содержащий противоположную точку зрения, и указать причины почему вы считаете эту точку зрения неубедительной.

3). Заключение, в котором вы повторяете свое мнение, но другими словами.

Следует учитывать

- Прежде всего решите согласны вы или не согласны с предметом обсуждения, затем составьте перечень точек зрения с их объяснениями.

- Напишите параграф полностью раскрывающий тему, предложения в нем должны соединяться словами и фразами. Не забывайте начинать каждый параграф с вступительного предложения раскрывающим тему параграфа.

- Для соединения параграфов так же следует использовать соединительные слова и фразы.

Структура

Вступление

Параграф 1.

Четко и ясно укажите тему сочинение и ваше мнение по теме.

Основная часть

Параграф 2

Точка зрения 1, примеры и причины

Параграф 3

Точка зрения 2,примеры и причины.

Параграф 4

Точка зрения 3, примеры и причины ( Вы можете указать больше точек зрения, соответственно увеличив количество параграфов.)

Параграф 5

Противоположная точка зрения, примеры и причины ( Можете указать больше точек зрения соответственно увеличив количество параграфов)

Заключение

Заключительный параграф

Выводы и повтор вашего мнения

Фразы для выражения мнения

• To my mind / To my way of thinking, …

It is my (firm) belief / opinion / view / conviction (that) …

In my opinion/view …

I (firmly) believe …

I am (not) convinced that …

I (do not) agree that/with

It strikes me that My opinion is that,

I (definitely) feel / think that …

I am inclined to believe that …

It seems / appears to me …

As far as I am concerned, …

темы сочинений "выражение мнения"

Пример сочинения по выражению мнения

“Although the position of women in society today has improved, there is still a great deal of sexual discrimination.” Do you agree?

Throughout this century, the role of women within society has changed, and the majority of people feel that this change is for the better. More women work than ever before, and it is accepted in Western culture that many women now have careers. Nonetheless, in my opinion there is still a great deal of sexual equality has been achieved is not altogether accurate.

To begin with, many women find it very difficult to return to work after having children. The main reason for this is that there are rarely any provisions made for childcare in the workplace and, in these cases, women are forced to find someone to look after the children while they are at work. Obviously, this can prove to be a time-consuming and expensive process, yet it must be done if mothers are to be able to resume their careers.

Secondly, the traditional views of the position of women within society are so deeply ingrained that they have not really changed. For instance, not only is the view that women should stay at home and look after their family still widely held, but it is reinforced through images seen on television programmes and advertisements. An example of this is that few men are ever seen doing housework on television, since this is traditionally thought of as “a woman’s job”.

Thirdly, since families often need two incomes in order to enjoy a good standard of living, a woman finds herself doing two jobs: one at home and one at the office. So, it could be said that a woman’s position has, in fact, deteriorated rather than improved, with the result that women carry the burdens of equality but get none of the benefits.

In contrast, there are some people who claim that the problem of sexual discrimination no longer exists. They point out that women do, after all, have legal rights intended to protect them from discrimination. In addition, a few women are now beginning to reach top positions as judges, business leaders and politicians, while a number of other previously all-male professions are opening their ranks to women. Nonetheless, these examples are not the norm and discrimination is still very much with us.

Taking these points into consideration, I would say that the position of women has improved only slightly. While, rules and laws have changed, it is the deep-rooted opinions of people within society which are taking a longer time to evolve. Needless to say, until these attitudes have changed, sexual discrimination will remain a problem which we all need to face and fight against.

продолжение

Как писать эссе IELTS (2)

2010-12-04T20:30:00.007+01:00

· Представление пунктов , аргументов За и Против

One (very convincing) point/argument in favour of … / against …,

A further common criticism of … / It could be argued that …,

It is

often

widely

generally

claimed/suggested

argued/maintained/

felt/believe/held

that …

some/many/ most people/experts/ scientists/sceptics/ critics	claim/suggest/argue/feel that … maintain/believe/point out/agree/hold that …
	advocate (+ing/noun)/support the view that … oppose the view that …
	are	in favour of/against … of the opinion that/convinced that … opposed to …

· Добавление перечислений по теме:

in addition (to this), furthermore, moreover, besides, apart from, what is more, as well as, not to mention (the fact) that, also, not only … but also/as well/both … and, There is another side to the issue/question/argument of…

· Противопоставление:

on the other hand, however, still, yet, but, nonetheless, nevertheless, even so,	it may be said/argued/claimed that, …
	others/ many people	oppose this viewpoint (strongly) disagree …, claim/feel/believe this argument is incorrect/misguided

although, though, even though, while, whilst, whereas, despite/in spite of (the fact that), regardless of the fact that

Opponents of … argue/believe/claim that …

The fact that … contradicts the belief/idea that …

While it is true to say that …, in fact …

While/Although …, it cannot be denied that …

темы сочинений "за и против"

Пример сочинения: За и Против

“Censorship is necessary in modern society”. Discuss.

Censorship is an issue which frequently generates a great deal of heated debate, with supporters maintaining that it is vital in order to protect society, whilst opponents claim that it is an unjustifiable restriction of public access to information.

Firstly, all countries have secrets which must be safeguarded for reasons of national security. For instance, if an enemy country were to acquire such highly sensitive information, the effects could be catastrophic. Consequently, governments have to have the power to restrict access to information concerning areas such as the armed forces or particular aspects of foreign policy.

Secondly, it is often argued that censorship is necessary to prevent the broadcast and publication of obscene material which is considered offensive or harmful to public morals. Many people feel that, without censorship the public would be constantly subjected to material that the majority would find offensive. For this reason, the government has a duty to impose certain restrictions on the mass media by censoring films and texts which contain explicit scenes of sex, violence or foul language.

In contrast, opponents of censorship point out that when it is abused by governments, censorship becomes an instrument used to misinform society and maintain power. In order to control the flow of information which riches the public, repressive regimes try to put constraints on the media, thus denying citizens the right to information owing to the fact that governments believe it may lead them to seek greater freedom.

Furthermore, it is generally felt that mature adults are able to make informed choices about what they watch, read and listen to and should, therefore, be permitted to make their own decisions. For example, some comedians make use of offensive language taboo subjects in their performances. Critics of censorship argue that the only people who will watch or listen to such material are adults who have made a conscious decision to do so. Thus, it is claimed, it is unjust to censor material like this since it is not forced upon people who may subsequently be offended by it.

All things considered, it can be concluded that a certain degree of censorship is always necessary. The best course of action would be to attempt to achieve a balance between the requirements of the country and the public on the one hand, and individuals’ rights on the other.

продолжение

Что значит 7 баллов за разговорный тест?

2010-12-04T17:27:00.000+01:00

Как получить 7 баллов?

Вам следует сконцентрироваться на грамматике, вы должны быть способны составлять предложения высокого грамматического уровня без видимых усилий, и при этом вы должны делать только мелкие грамматические ошибки.

Естественно, речь у вас должна быть свободной, многие получившие 6 или даже 6.5 баллов, говорят свободно. Имейте в виду, что свобода речи значит то, что речь из вас льется непрерывно, вы можете говорить свободно, но на среднем или низком грамматическом, словарном уровне плохо связанной речью ( или даже с произношением), что и даст вам 5.0 5.5 баллов.

Если вы один из тех несчастных, которые имеют проблемы с произношением, то вам совершенно необходимо поправить его, т.к. если за произношение вы получаете 4, то за весь тест уже невозможно получить 7.0 (Помните, за произношение дают 2, 4, 6 и 8 баллов).

Чтобы получить 8 баллов, у вас должно быть произношение и интонация как у носителя языка. Что вполне допустимо для учившихся в израильских школах.

Из каких комбинаций оценок в складывается общая 7 баллов? Для того чтобы получить общую 7 баллов за разговорный тест, вы должны получить одну из следующих комбинаций:

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Комбинация 1

Произношение – 6

Грамматика - 7

Словарный запас - 8

Свобода и связность речи -7

Вероятно, это один из самых легких путей получить 7.0. Помните, чтобы получить 7 и выше за словарный запас вам надо показать хорошее владение фразовыми глаголами, хотя и это не единственный показатель.

Другим ключевым признаком является навык общения, когда вы не знаете слова, которое хотите сказать ( это называется перефразирование). Это особенно видно в Части 3 ( возможно в Части 2), когда вам потребуется выражать очень абстрактные и сложные мысли. Тому кто получит 8 баллов, нет необходимости показывать этот навык , так как 8 баллов значит, что вы произвели неизгладимое впечатление на экзаменатора своим словарным запасом. В целом, вам потребуется впечатлить экзаменатора не только своим знанием лексики, но и тем как вы точно и к месту используете слова в контексте своей речи. Если вы будете показывать впечатляющее владение словарным запасом, но не понимать значения используемых слов, то 8 баллов за лексику вам не поставят. Несколько ошибок приведут к 6 баллам за словарный запас, а если вы будете повторять одни и те же ошибки, то и к 5.

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Комбинация 2

Произношение - 6

Грамматика – 7

Словарный запас 7

Свобода и связность речи - 8

Это вероятно самый легкий путь получить 7 для того, кто любит говорить. Но для того, чтобы получить 8 за Свободу и связность речи, вам придется показать свою способность соединять мысли ( т.е. связность речи). Для того, чтобы получить 8, вам надо проводить много часов, разговаривая на английском (необязательно, носителем языка).

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Комбинация 3

Произношение - 6

Грамматика – 8

Словарный запас- 7

Свобода и связность речи - 7

Этот вариант возможен для тех, кто тщательно изучал продвинутую грамматику, и кто может ее использовать почти без ошибок в речи. Вам нет необходимости использовать высокую грамматику во всех предложениях, но вам придется довольно часто прибегать к сложным предложениям и сложным грамматическим конструкциям, чтобы у экзаменатора создалось впечатление на 8 баллов.

Сильная грамматика убеждает большинство экзаменаторов, что в целом кандидат заслуживает оценку в 7.0 баллов. (Это для большинства кандидатов, но может быть и так, что кандидат показывает сильные знания в грамматике, но слабые в каком-то другом подразделе, тогда экзаменатор может посчитать, что 7 не отображает знания кандидата).

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Комбинация 4

Произношение - 8

Грамматика – 6

Словарный запас 7

Свобода и связность речи - 7

Такая комбинация возможна для тех, кто жил за границей и говорит с произношением как у носителей языка.

Однако, помните, что на экзаменатора должно быть произведено очень сильное впечатление, чтобы он поставил вам 8, наивысший бал, за произношение.

Чтобы получить 8 за произношение, было бы хорошо, но не необходимо, говорить с одним из признанных акцентов английского языка – Английском, Северо-Американском или Австралийском. Однако, если говорить с легким национальным акцентом, это будет звучать более убедительно, смесь акцентов тоже допускается. Помимо произношения и акцента вы должны использовать интонации присущие языку.

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Комбинация 5

Произношение - 8

Грамматика – 7

Словарный запас - 6

Свобода и связность речи - 7

Эта комбинация похожа на комбинацию 4. Каждая из частей весит одинаково, но экзаменатор будет более уверен, что вы заслуживаете общей оценки 7, если за грамматику у вас стоит 7, поэтому такая комбинация более убедительна, чем комбинация 4.

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Комбинация 6

Произношение - 8

Грамматика – 7

Словарный запас 7

Свобода и связность речи - 6

Такая комбинация подобна комбинациям 4 и 5, но выглядит несколько необычно, т.к. человек имеющий прекрасное произношение, показывает среднюю свободу речи. Все равно, такая комбинация возможна, если вы стесняетесь, что влияет на свободу речи, если вы запинаетесь, если вы в Части 2 говорили немного, если вы использовали слова связки и вводные слова в Части 3 на 6, а не 7 баллов.